Textile flammability standards in the US , a look at 16 CFR Part 1610

The purpose of 16 CFR Part 1610 is to establish flammability standards for clothing textiles to ensure they do not pose an unreasonable fire hazard to consumers. The regulation categorizes fabrics based on their flammability performance and provides guidelines for testing and classifying these materials.

Key components

Scope:

The standard applies to wearing apparel made from textile fabrics for all adults and children. It does not apply to fabrics used in hats, gloves, footwear, or interlinings.

Test method:

• In this test method, the fabrics are subjected to a specific flammability test known as the ‘45-degree test’ or ‘flammability test for textiles.’
• The test involves placing a fabric specimen at a 45-degree angle, igniting it, and measuring the time it takes for the flame to travel a specified distance along the fabric.

Classification of fabrics

Class 1 (normal flammability): These include fabrics that burn slowly and are considered to pose little risk of fire. These fabrics are acceptable for use in clothing.

Class 2 (intermediate flammability):  These are fabrics that burn at a moderate rate. This class is primarily used for fabrics with raised fiber surfaces like napped, pile, or tufted fabrics.

Class 3 (rapid and intense burning): Fabrics that burn rapidly and pose a significant risk of fire are classified as Class 3 fabrics. These fabrics are prohibited from being used in clothing.

Exemptions

Some textiles, such as plain surface fabrics weighing 2.6 ounces per square yard or more, are exempt from testing due to their inherently low flammability.

Labeling

Fabrics and garments must be labeled according to their flammability classification. This labeling helps consumers and manufacturers understand the fire risks associated with the fabric.

Penalties

Non-compliance with the standard can result in penalties, including fines and recalls, to protect public safety.

Focus on consumer safety

16 CFR Part 1610 plays a crucial role in consumer safety by ensuring that clothing textiles do not easily ignite and burn, thereby reducing the risk of burn injuries. The regulation is essential for manufacturers, retailers, and consumers in maintaining safety standards in the textile and apparel industry.