Punjab's cotton production up despite less farmland

Punjab defied expectations this year, recording a significant increase in cotton production despite having the lowest cultivation area in over 60 years. While the state planted 80,000 fewer hectares of cotton compared to last season, a major jump in yield per hectare led to an overall production rise.

As of March 2024, Punjab produced 59,500 tonnes of cotton, translating to 3.5 lakh bales, compared to 46,740 tonnes (2.75 lakh bales) the previous year. This positive trend is expected to continue, with estimates suggesting a total production of 4.89 lakh bales by season's end, exceeding last year's 4.44 lakh bales.

The key factor behind this success story is the dramatic rise in yield per hectare. This year, Punjab saw a yield of around 492 kg per hectare, a significant improvement over the meagre 314 kg recorded last season.

This trend wasn't unique to Punjab. Haryana and Rajasthan, the other two major cotton producers in North India, also witnessed a rise in yield per hectare despite variations in their cultivated area. Haryana's yield jumped from 296 kg to 361 kg, while Rajasthan's rose slightly from 579 kg to 590 kg.

In conclusion, despite a decrease in overall farmland dedicated to cotton, improved agricultural practices have resulted in a noteworthy increase in cotton production across North India. This highlights the importance of yield improvement in maximizing crop output.