BIS standards for evaluating textile color fastness to artificial light (Xenon Lamp Method)
The Indian Standard IS 2454:1985, now superseded by IS/ISO B02:2014, outlined a method for assessing the color fastness of textiles to artificial light sources, specifically xenon arc lamps. This standard is crucial for textile manufacturers and quality control personnel as it ensures garments and fabrics maintain their color vibrancy under indoor lighting conditions.
Key features of IS 2454:1985
Applicable materials: The standard encompasses testing color fastness of textile materials of all types, including fibers, yarns, fabrics, and finished products.
Light source: It prescribes the use of xenon arc lamps to simulate indoor artificial lighting conditions. Xenon lamps offer a broad spectrum similar to sunlight, making them ideal for evaluating color fastness under artificial light exposure.
Testing procedure: The standard outlines a detailed testing procedure involving:
- Sample preparation: Specimens are cut from the textile material according to specified dimensions.
- Exposure: The specimens are exposed to light from the xenon arc lamp alongside eight dyed wool reference standards with varying color fastness levels. The exposure duration and conditions (humidity, temperature) are precisely controlled.
- Color change assessment: After exposure, the color change of the textile specimens is visually compared with the reference standards. This comparison helps determine the degree of color fading or alteration.
Evaluation and grading
The standard provides a grading system based on the observed color change compared to the reference standards. Higher grades indicate better color fastness, meaning the textile material exhibits minimal color change under artificial light exposure.
Benefits of using IS 2454:1985
- Predicting color performance: Manufacturers can predict how textiles will behave under indoor lighting, ensuring they meet customer expectations for color durability.
- Quality control: The standard facilitates consistent quality control by providing a standardized method for assessing color fastness.
- Improved product development: By understanding color fastness to artificial light, manufacturers can develop textiles with improved color retention properties.
Superseded status
It's important to note that IS 2454:1985 has been withdrawn and superseded by IS/ISO B02:2014. The newer standard incorporates advancements in testing methodologies and potentially stricter requirements for color fastness. However, the core principles of using xenon arc lamps and evaluating color change against reference standards remain similar.
IS 2454:1985, while superseded, played a significant role in ensuring color fastness of textiles in the Indian market. By understanding its principles and the importance of color fastness testing, manufacturers can continue to produce high-quality textiles that retain their vibrancy under various lighting conditions.