Pakistan’s cotton sector is struggling with low yields, climate change, and outdated farming practices, according to a new International Labour Organization (ILO) report. The study highlights how small farmers and workers remain vulnerable despite the industry’s economic significance.Cotton arrivals fell 34 per cent year-on-year to 5.51 million bales till January 31, 2025, as per Arif Habib Limited. Punjab saw a 36 per cent decline, while Sindh’s arrivals dropped 32 per cent but, for the first time, surpassed Punjab’s output. Rising costs, weak policies, and poor farmer economics are driving the crisis.